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8 TYPES OF PATTERN IN MANUFACTURING

PATTERN It is the replica of the object to be made with some modifications These modifications are in the form of allowances and core prints. PATTERN MATERIALS Wood Metal and Alloys - Cast iron, Aluminium, Brass, etc. plastics - polystyrene, polyethylene, PVC Wax or Mercury TYPES OF PATTERNS Solid or Single piece pattern Split piece pattern Loose piece pattern Gated pattern Match plate pattern Sweep pattern Segmental pattern Follow board Pattern 1. SOLID OR SINGLE PIECE PATTERN If an object to be produced is very simple in shape and size without any complex structures then we can use a solid or single piece pattern. Keep the pattern inside the drag box such that one of its surfaces matches with the parting line. 2. SPLIT PIECE PATTERN To avoid the mismatch between the object split dowel pins are used. If the object to be produced is more complex for easy removal of the pattern, it will split into...

8 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS USED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

1. VERNIER CALLIPER It is used to measure outer diameter, inner diameter, hole depth. 2. MICROMETER The diameter of the job can be measured accurately. 3. HEIGHT GAUGE used for measuring height 4. SLIP GAUGES sine bar 5. PLUG GAUGES 6. SNAP GAUGES the outer diameter of the job can be found 1. permanent snap gauge 2.adjustable snap gauge 7. RING GAUGES 8. FEELER GAUGES

5 TYPES OF ALLOWANCES IN MANUFACTURING

SELECTION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS WILL DEPENDS ON Shape and size of the object accuracy and surface finish required by the object Properties required by the object cost of the object. ALLOWANCES To get the exact shape and size of the object, the allowance is provided to the object. TYPES OF ALLOWANCES Shrinkage or Contraction allowance Draft and Taper allowance Machining or Finishing allowance Rapping or Shake allowance Distortion allowance SHRINKAGE ALLOWANCE: Contraction of the liquid from the pouring temperature to the freezing temperature. The contraction associated with the change of phase freezing temperature Tf = Freezing Temperature Tp = Tm + Tl Tp = Pouring Temperature At pouring, temperature flow metal has maximum fluidity. By reducing the energy density decreases and due to this the liquid metal gas converted into solid metal. ...

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